Indian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies

The Role of Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian National Movement

The Indian National Movement was a prolonged and multifaceted struggle aimed at ending British colonial rule in India. Among the leaders who guided this movement, Mahatma Gandhi played a decisive and transformative role. Gandhi introduced new methods of political resistance based on the principles of truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa), which significantly changed the nature and direction of the freedom struggle. His philosophy of Satyagraha emphasized peaceful resistance against injustice and encouraged mass participation in political activities. Through movements such as the Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Quit India Movement, Gandhi mobilized millions of Indians, including peasants, workers, women, and students, thereby transforming the national movement into a broad-based mass struggle. Gandhi’s leadership also strengthened the organizational role of the Indian National Congress and helped unify diverse sections of Indian society under a common objective of achieving independence. In addition to political resistance, he emphasized social reforms such as the promotion of Khadi, rural self-reliance, communal harmony, and the upliftment of marginalized communities. These efforts contributed to strengthening the moral and ideological foundation of the national movement. This study examines the role of Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian National Movement, focusing on his leadership, philosophy, and strategies of non-violent resistance. It highlights how Gandhi’s ideas and methods not only played a crucial role in weakening British colonial rule but also left a lasting impact on political movements across the world.